مادة تدريبية في اللغة الانجليزية للصف الثامن الفصل الثاني

 

Passive Voice

شرح

في الوضع العادي تتكون الجملة من فعل وفاعل ومفعول به وتكملة (المبني للمعلوم: الفاعل معلوم), في حين أن الجملة  المبنية للمجهول  تتكون من فعل ومفعول به وتكملة فقط (الفاعل مجهول غير موجود  أو تم تأخيره)… تستخدم هذه الطريقة عندما يكون الفاعل غير مهم في معطيات الجملة

 مثل: الكاكاو يُزرع بكثرة في افريقيا لا يهمنا من يزرع الكاكاو  بقدر الكاكو نفسه… أو لسبب الإخفاء المتعمد للفاعل مثال: تُوفي المريض بعد إجراء العملية.. وقد يكون لصنع تشويق درامي بإخفاء الفاعل عن القارئ أو المشاهد في الروايات والقصص والأفلام التي نشاهدها يوميًا

Examples أمثلة  – passive voice شرح

• I’ve been informed. لقد تم إخباري
• My bike was stolen. دراجتي سُرقت
• A mistake was made. لقد تم اقتراف خطأ ما
• Charlie Chaplin was loved by millions. تشارلي شوبلن محبوبًا من الملايين
• Inception movie was written by Cristopher Nolan. فيلم انسيبشن كُتب بواسطة كريستوفر نولان

 

خطوات تحويل إلى المبني للمجهول

١-نضع المفعول به في بداية الجملة

٢-نحول الفعل إلى التصريف الثالث للفعل

٣-نضيف تكملة الجملة بحال وجدت

زمن المضارع البسيط

am / is / are + past participle

• (Active) My mom (S) cleans (V) the house (O) everyday ( C).
• (Passive) The house (O) is cleaned (V) everyday (C).

• (Active) She (S)  reads (V) great books (O).
• (Passive) Great books (O) are read (V).

 

Present Continuous زمن المضارع المستمر

am / is / are + being + past participle

• (Active) They (S) are playing (V) football (O).
• (Passive) Football (O) is being played (V).

• (Active) She (S)  is reading (V) the book (O) right now (C).
• (Passive) The book (O) is being read (V) right now (C).

 

Present Perfect زمن المضارع التام

has / have + been + past participle

• (Active) She (S) has written (V) stories (O) using her 6 years old imagination (C).
• (Passive) Stories (O) have been written (V)… (C)

• (Active) She (S) has cooked (V) alot of food (O).
• (Passive)  A lot of food (O) has been cooked (V) by her. تأجيل الفاعل

 

Simple Past زمن الماضي البسيط

was / were + past participle

• (Active) I (S) watched (V) a film (O) yesterday (C).
• (Passive)  A film (O) was watched (V) yesterday (C).

• (Active) They (S) changed (V) the date of the meeting (O).
• (Passive)  The date of the meeting (O) was changed (V).

 

Past Continuous زمن الماضي المستمر

was / were + being + past participle

• (Active) They (S) were watching (V) a film(O).
• (Passive)  A film (O) was being watched (V).

 

• (Active) She (S) was writing (V) a novel(O).
• (Passive)  A novel (O) was being writen (V) by her .

 

Past Perfect زمن الماضي التام

had + been + past participle

• (Active) Someone (S) had stolen (V) my keys (O).
• (Passive)  My keys (O) had been stolen (V).

• (Active) He (S) hadn’t paid (V) the bills (O).
• (Passive) The bills (O) hadn’t been paid (V) by him.

 

Future زمن المستقبل

will + be + past participle

• (Active) He (S) will sign (V) the contract (O) tomorrow (C).
• (Passive) The contract (O) will be signed (V) tomorrow (C) by him.

 

• (Active) Mona (S) will invite (V) Sally (O) to the party (C).
• (Passive) Sally (O) will be invited (V) to the party (C) by Mona.

 

• (Active) He (S) will solve (V) the problem (O) tomorrow (C).
• (Passive) The problem (O) will be solved (V) tomorrow (C).

 

 

must / can / should / have to  + be + past participle

• (Active) Police (S)  must stop (V) the criminals (O) before they commit crimes (C).
• (Passive) The crimes (O) must be stopped (V).

• (Active) They (S) have to find (V) the keys (O).
• (Passive) The keys (O) have to be found (V).

 

 

Exercise – Passive Voice شرح 

Choose the Correct Answer اختر الإجابة الصحيحة

The problem must ………………… by the end of the day:

• be solved
• been solved

The thief ……………….. :

• will be caught
• had be caught

A film ………………… watched:

• were being
• was being

The keys ………………… lost:

• have been
• has been

 

Two people …………………  on Friday night:

• has been killed
• were killed

 

The book is being ………………… :

• read
• readed

I ………………..  a present:

• were given
• was given

A house is being ………………… :

• built
• build

 

Amman ……………….. one of the most liberal and westernized cities in the Arab world:

• was considered
• is considered

 

 

The Correct Answers: الأجوبة الصحيحة

The problem must be/ solved by the end of the day. المشكلة يجب أن تُحل قبل نهاية اليوم
The thief will be caught.  السارق سوف يُلقى القبض عليه
A film was being watched. الفيلم تمت مشاهدته
The keys have been lost. المفاتيح قد ضاعت
Two people were killed on Friday night. شخصان اثنان قُتلا في ليلة الجمعة
The book is being read. الكتاب تمت قراءته
I was given a present. لقد أُهديت هدية
A house is being built.  البيت يجري بناؤه أو يُبنى
Amman is considered one of the most liberal and westernized cities in the Arab world.
تعتبر عمان واحدة من أكثر المدن الليبرالية والغربية في العالم العربي